SUBTITLES:
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00:03
what's crackin my name is mr. beat I
sincerely hope that World War three
never happens
however there were at least two times in
recent history where it almost actually
did one of those times was the Suez
Crisis once upon a time there was a
man-made waterway that connected the
Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea called
the Suez Canal this Suez Canal was kind
of a big deal it made it so that ships
sailing from Europe didn't have to go
00:35
all the way around Africa to get to East
Asia the canal has huge strategic
importance
it makes trade between countries much
easier and it used to be an important
route that colonial powers used to get
to their colonies although the Suez
Canal was considered a quote neutral
zone the United Kingdom controlled it
for a while then under the employee
gyptian Treaty of 1936 the UK was
allowed to keep ten thousand troops in
Egypt to protect the canal additionally
the UK would supply and train Egypt's
01:07
army to help them protect it however a
growing number of Egyptians became
hostile for the British stationed there
in October 1951 the Egyptian government
said the anglo-egyptian treaty was no
longer in effect the British thought
otherwise and refused to leave because
of this violence steadily increased
between Egyptians and British troops On
January 25th 1952 British forces
attempted to disarm or take the weapons
away from a troublesome Egyptian police
force a shootout resulted in the deaths
01:38
of 41 Egyptians after this anti-western
riots protested the shootings causing
chaos on the streets of Cairo and
resulting in the deaths of eleven
British citizens a military coup or
overthrow remove the Egyptian monarchy
and placed a dude named Jamal Abdul
Nassir in power Nasser wanted Egypt to
be as powerful as possible in the region
so he did whatever he could to make that
a reality including exploiting the cold
war that was going on which divided most
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of the world at the time first of all
Nasser didn't so much like the
establishment of Israel and his troops
often got into battles with Israel along
the border of the two countries second
he gladly accepted aid and weapons from
the Soviet Union who had become a big
friend third he also gladly accepted
money offered from the United Kingdom of
the United States to build a dam whoa
watch your mouth whoa whoa whoa I'm not
swearing I'm talking about the dams that
retain water
02:39
oh this dam was to control the flooding
of the Nile River however when the
United Kingdom of the United States
found out that Egypt was getting cozy
with the Soviet Union and other
communist countries it broke their
promise to loan money for the
construction of the dam Nasser
retaliated by ordering the Suez Canal
seized and nationalized meaning the
Egyptian government would now control it
Nasser wanted to charge tolls through
the canal to pay for the dam they needed
the UK hated the movement began to plan
an assault to retake the canal they got
03:12
the support of France who was also mad
at Nasser and Israel who obviously had
beef with Egypt due to the whole warfare
at their border with them thing the
Israelis struck first
on October 26th 1956 two days later
British and French military forces
joined them and the three countries
easily took over the canal Soviet leader
Nikita Khrushchev strongly criticized
the invasion and threatened to strike
nuclear missiles on Western Europe but
the Israeli French and British forces
did not withdraw this caught the
03:43
attention of u.s. President Dwight
Eisenhower Eisenhower's administration
was frankly upset with everyone except
Egypt they were upset that the Soviet
Union was recklessly threatening nuclear
war
also have said that the United Kingdom
had not informed them of their plans to
invade the canal the u.s. threatened all
three nations with economic sanctions if
they persisted in their attack in
addition most of the world viewed the
invasion negatively as at the UK France
and Israel were the bullies there were a
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massive protests throughout the Middle
East all of this economic and political
pressure was just too much led by the
United States the United Nations
pressured the United Kingdom it's a lot
of United's and France to accept a
ceasefire for temporary stoppage of war
on November 6th on December 22nd the
United Nations forced the United Kingdom
and France to evacuate their troops and
after Israeli forces withdrew in March
1957 the canal was reopened to
international traffic however it was so
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littered with wreckage from the conflict
that it took weeks of cleanup by
Egyptian and United Nations workers
before larger ships could make it
through the waterway the Suez Crisis had
many long lasting effects Egypt came out
as the winner Nasser emerged from the
Suez Crisis a hero to nearly all
Egyptians Israel did not win freedom to
use the canal but it did regain shipping
rights in the streets of Tehran which
was just about as good tensions would
worsen between Israel and Egypt until
ultimately the two countries fought in
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the six days war in 1967
Britain and France lost most of their
influence in the region and found their
influences World Towers weakened the
Soviet Union made major gains with
regards to influence in the Middle East
the United States and what became known
as the Eisenhower Doctrine ramped up its
bribes to the Middle East in its
authorization to use military force if
requested by any Middle Eastern nation
resist aggression the crisis furthered
their role as a world superpower
ultimately the Suez Crisis was another
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dangerously close call if it had all
gone wrong it might have been world war
3 but it didn't so we can all be
thankful for that the end
you
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